Open AccessRetrospective clinical evaluation of patients undergoing surgery for acute epidural hematoma
Author(s) -
Dursun Türköz,
Cem Demirel
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
deneysel ve klinik tıp dergisi/journal of experimental and clinical medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.103
H-Index - 3
eISSN - 1309-4483
pISSN - 1309-5129
DOI - 10.52142/omujecm.38.2.24
Subject(s) - medicine , glasgow coma scale , epidural hematoma , hematoma , surgery , etiology , mortality rate , head trauma , intracranial hematoma , pneumocephalus , glasgow outcome scale , head injury , anesthesia , complication
We aimed to evaluate mortality-associated factors among patients with acute epidural hematoma due to head trauma. Demographic characteristics, preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale score, epidural hematoma aetiology and radiological findings, accompanying systemic trauma results, hospitalisation duration, sequelae, and mortality features of patients experiencing epidural hematoma between 2014 and 2018 were evaluated. Overall, 79 patients were examined. The most frequent epidural hematoma aetiology was traffic accidents (51.9%), with temporal region being the most common epidural hematoma location (38 [48.2%] patients). Among all, 12 (15.2%) patients died and 67 (84.8%) were discharged. Of them, 57 (85.1%) patients were discharged without and 10 (14.9%) with neurological sequelae. Age>65 years (p=0.001) and low Glasgow Coma Scale score (p<0.05) were significantly associated with higher mortality. Overall mortality rate was 91.7% (p<0.001) in patients with systemic trauma accompanying epidural hematoma, with thoracic (12%) and orthopaedic (9%) trauma being the most common. Cranial injuries included linear fracture, 78.5%; pneumocephalus, 48.1%; cerebral contusion, 44.3%; traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage, 32.9%; acute subdural hematoma; 26.6%, and collapse fracture, 15%. All cranial injuries except linear fractures were associated with high mortality (p<0.05). Epidural hematoma is associated with high mortality. Aetiology, Glasgow Coma Scale score, cranial pathology, age, and additional trauma are the major predictive mortality-associated factors.