Open AccessPD-L1 in Breast Cancers and its Prognostic Significance
Author(s) -
Sayher Kazmi,
Sumayyah Shawana,
Nighat Jamal
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the journal of bahria university medical and dental college
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2617-9482
pISSN - 2220-7562
DOI - 10.51985/ausb2062
Subject(s) - breast cancer , malignancy , medicine , oncology , disease , cancer , clinical significance , cancer research
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in females globally. Various factors are responsible for its developmentwhich include both genetic and hormonal causes. An important discovery is the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in thedevelopment of cancers. The PD-1-/PD-L1 pathway plays a part in allowing tumour cells escape from the host’s immuneresponse and hence permits the proliferation of tumour cells. PD-L1 expression has been observed in various breast cancersat distinct levels such as in tissues and in blood. Different methods have been utilized for its detection includingimmunohistochemistry, RNA sequencing and ELISA, amongst others. The results have been conflicting regarding theexpression of PD-L1 and the prognosis of breast cancer based on parameters such as overall survival and disease freesurvival. Different immunotherapies have also emerged as a new modality to treat breast cancer. This review intends toexplore the prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression in breast cancers.