Open AccessBuilt environment correlates of walking for transportation: Differences between commuting and non-commuting trips
Author(s) -
Jixiang Liu,
Jiangping Zhou,
LiNa Xiao
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of transport and land use
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.05
H-Index - 27
ISSN - 1938-7849
DOI - 10.5198/jtlu.2021.1933
Subject(s) - tobit model , built environment , negative binomial distribution , trips architecture , transport engineering , poison control , regression analysis , level design , multilevel model , travel behavior , geography , mode choice , sustainable transport , injury prevention , environmental health , econometrics , public transport , engineering , statistics , economics , mathematics , computer science , medicine , sustainability , civil engineering , human–computer interaction , ecology , game design , poisson distribution , biology
As a sustainable mode of travel, walking for transportation has multiple environmental, social, and health-related benefits. In existing studies, however, such walking has rarely been differentiated between commuting and non-commuting trips. Using multilevel zero-inflated negative binomial regression and multilevel Tobit regression models, this study empirically examines the frequency and duration of commuting and non-commuting walking and their correlates in Xiamen, China. It finds that (1) non-commuting walking, on average, has a higher frequency and longer duration than commuting walking; (2) most socio-demographic variables are significant predictors, and age, occupation, and family size have opposite-direction effects on commuting and non-commuting walking; and (3) different sets of built environment variables are correlated with commuting and non-commuting walking, and the built environment collectively influences the latter more significantly than the former. The findings provide useful references for customized interventions concerning promoting commuting and non-commuting walking.