Open AccessResidential accessibility’s relationships with crash rates per capita
Author(s) -
Louis A. Merlin,
Christopher R. Cherry,
Amin Mohamadi-Hezaveh,
Eric Dumbaugh
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of transport and land use
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.05
H-Index - 27
ISSN - 1938-7849
DOI - 10.5198/jtlu.2020.1626
Subject(s) - crash , per capita , transport engineering , vehicle miles of travel , poison control , geography , demographic economics , demography , environmental health , engineering , computer science , medicine , economics , population , sociology , programming language
This paper examines the relationship between residential accessibility, i.e., accessibility from a person’s home address, and their likelihood of being in a crash over a three-year period. We explore two potential relationships with accessibility. The first is that persons who live in areas with high destination accessibility may drive less and therefore are less likely to be in vehicular crashes. The second is that persons who live in high vehicle miles traveled (VMT) accessibility areas may be exposed to higher levels of traffic in their regular activity space and therefore may be more likely to be in crashes of all modal types. Examining traffic analysis zones in Knoxville, Tennessee, this research finds some evidence for each of these hypothesized effects. These oppositely directed effects have dominant influence within different travel-time thresholds. The first relationship between destination accessibility and fewer crashes is found to be strongest for 10-minute auto accessibility, whereas the second relationship between VMT accessibility and more crashes is found to occur at 10-minute, 20-minute, and 30-minute thresholds.