The Clinical and Functional Description of the Cardiovascular System in Children with Diseases of the Circulatory System

Objective: to give the clinical and functional characteristics of the cardiovascular system in children with diseases of the circulatory system. Material and мethods. The study involved 188 children aged 8-16 with different cardiovascular diseases (CVD) examined at the Cardiology Ward of Gomel Regional Children`s Hospital. Depending on the profile of their diseases, the children were divided into five main groups: group 1 - children with minor anomalies of heart development, group 2 - children with congenital heart diseases, group 3 - children with rhythm disorders, group 4 - children with autonomic dysfunction, group 5 - children with arterial hypertension. Along with the clinical examination the children were performed an electrocardiogram (ECG) and underwent Holter monitoring (HM). Results. The polymorphism of complaints was typical of the children of all the groups, according to the ECG data, conduction disturbances were the most common in the children of the first and second groups, and excitability disorders were typical of the children of the third group. Normal ECG was most often recorded in the children of the fourth and fifth groups. By the НM data arrhythmia (II Lown class and higher) was most frequently detected in the children of the first and third groups, arrhythmia of V class prevailed in the second group of the children. Conclusion. The cardiologic examination found that the children with CVD had various complaints and different arrhythmia classes, while the ECG of the majority of the children with autonomic dysfunction and hypertension detected mild arrhythmias, which is indicative of prognostically favorable disease outcomes. Clinically significant arrhythmias were revealed most frequently in the children with minor anomalies of heart development, cardiac rhythm disorders and congenital heart diseases.