Open AccessFactors Associated with Tuberculosis among Children and Adolescents in Kelantan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Author(s) -
Hafizuddin Awang,
Nik Rosmawati Nik Husain,
Hasniza Abdullah
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
malaysian journal of paediatrics and child health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1511-4511
DOI - 10.51407/mjpch.v24i1.30
Subject(s) - medicine , tuberculosis , malay , cross sectional study , population , inclusion and exclusion criteria , logistic regression , residence , demography , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , population study , pediatrics , immunology , environmental health , pathology , philosophy , linguistics , alternative medicine , sociology
Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the proportion of tuberculosis patients among children and adolescents, to describe the socio-demography and clinical factors for tuberculosis infection among children and adolescents in Kelantan from 2012 until 2015. Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study between tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis cases among children and adolescents using Tuberculosis Information System as a source population. All notified cases that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Descriptive statistics, simple and multiple logistic regressions were used for data analysis. Results: Out of 5412 tuberculosis cases, 8.4% were children and adolescents group with mean age of 15. Among 322 children and adolescents with tuberculosis, majority of them were Malay (91.2%), 7.5% illiterate and 79.6% resided in non-urban area. By clinical factors, 2.8% were Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive and 14.6% were cigarettes smokers. Older age, cigarettes smoking, female gender, Malay ethnicity, good education level and non-urban residence were the significant associated factors for tuberculosis infection among children and adolescents with AOR 1.41 (95%CI: 1.29,1.54; p<0.001), 3.35 (95% CI: 1.86, 6.01; p<0.001), 1.88 (95% CI: 1.33, 2.65; p<0.001), 0.17 (95%CI: 0.07,0.44; p<0.001), 0.20 (95%CI: 0.12,0.33; p<0.001) and 1.92 (95% CI: 1.33, 2.79; p=0.001) respectively. Conclusion: The study provides important criteria of children and adolescents to be prioritized for tuberculosis screening, early diagnosis and prompt treatment, and might as well mitigate the dynamic transmission of tuberculosis in the community.