Open AccessCytokine Storm and Immunomodulation in COVID-19
Author(s) -
Pradeep Rangappa
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
indian journal of critical care medicine/indian journal of critical care medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.317
H-Index - 30
eISSN - 1998-359X
pISSN - 0972-5229
DOI - 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24029
Subject(s) - medicine , cytokine storm , tocilizumab , covid-19 , canakinumab , immunology , cytokine , anakinra , cytokine release syndrome , pathophysiology , virology , immune system , immunotherapy , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty) , chimeric antigen receptor , rheumatoid arthritis , outbreak
COVID-19 has become a major pandemic in recent times. The exact pathophysiology and understanding of cytokine storm and immunomodulation are evolving. Various cytokines have been implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Immunosuppressant immunomodulators like steroids, canakinumab, anakinra, tocilizumab, sarilumab, baricitinib, ruxolitinib, bevacizumab, and itolizumab have been tried. Immunostimulant immunomodulators like interferons (IFNs) and Mycobacterium w (Mw) have also been repurposed. Considering the role of multiple cytokines implicated in COVID-19, molecules working on the majority of the targets, may hold a promising future prospect.