Open AccessMulti-Drug Resistant Salmonella typhi among Out-Patients in Hospitals within Ilorin, Nigeria and their Susceptibility to Cymbopogon Citratus
Author(s) -
Ibikunle Anibijuwon,
Adetutu Adedokun,
Muhammed Mustapha Suleiman,
Christiana Abiola Olafimihan,
Sariyat Olayinka Olanrewaju
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
nigerian journal of pure and applied sciences/nigerian journal of pure applied sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2756-3928
pISSN - 2756-4045
DOI - 10.48198/njpas/20.a16
Subject(s) - cymbopogon citratus , salmonella typhi , typhoid fever , traditional medicine , medicine , chloramphenicol , ampicillin , salmonella , antibiotics , veterinary medicine , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , food science , virology , bacteria , essential oil , biochemistry , genetics , escherichia coli , gene
The indiscriminate use of drugs, medication and non-adherence are one of the factors that has led to theemergence of multi-drug resistant Salmonella typhi. This study was conducted to assess the incidence of typhoidfever among out-patients in some selected Specialist Hospitals in Ilorin Metropolis and to determine thesusceptibility of the causative agent to antibiotics and plant extract of Cymbopogon citratus. A cross-sectionalsurvey was completed over a five-month surveillance period in these four locations namely: The ChildrenSpecialist Hospital Centre Igboro; Cottage Hospital; Adewole Specialist Hospital Alagbado; and Civil ServiceHospital with a total of about 400 blood samples from out-patients across ages. Antibiogram profiling of theisolates to standard gram-negative antibiotics and antibacterial activity of Cymbopogon citratus extracts weredetermined using disc diffusion method. A total of Eight (8) Salmonella typhi isolates were recoveredcollectively from the patients. All the isolates were multi-drug resistant with a notable resistance tochloramphenicol, ampicillin and co-trimoxazole. Molecular confirmation of the isolates showed DNA size of500 base pairs. The ethanolic extract of Cymbopogon citratus was more potent with MIC of 12.5mg/ml andMBC 25mg/ml while the phytochemical screening of the plants revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids,phenols, tannins, saponins, steroids and glycosides. The promising outcome of the plant extract againstSalmonella typhi posits its possible application in treatment against the infectious agent.