Open AccessReview on Gene regulation: DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions and their regulatory elements
Author(s) -
Safir Ullah Khan,
Munir Ullah Khan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of chemistry and nutritional biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2709-5932
DOI - 10.48185/jcnb.v2i2.378
Subject(s) - enhancer , promoter , biology , chromatin , transcription (linguistics) , gene , transcription factor , genetics , dna , computational biology , regulation of gene expression , microbiology and biotechnology , gene expression , linguistics , philosophy
The non-coding elements that control transcription are found in the chromatin structure of organisms. Recent findings identify the non-coding regulatory elements (e.g., enhancers, silencers, promoters) that control transcription and examine their respective protein interactions. The multiple topological environment limitations, including interactions of promoter-enhancer and specific enhancer-bound proteins with variable promoter compatibility, begin to shape a picture. These transcription factors and co-factors contribute to various expressions based on which enhancers and promoters are found inside sequences. A novel trait of transcription factors and co-factors establishes nuclear microenvironments or membranes compartments with phase-separated liquid characteristics. These settings are capable of enriching some proteins and tiny molecules at the expense of others. To better understand gene regulation