Bio-Inspired Computing-A Dive into Critical Problems, Potential Architecture and Techniques

The integration and development of electronics in the recent years have impacted a major development on the world and humans, one among that is nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has achieved a greater progress in biomedical engineering in diagnosis and treatment, leading to the introduction of nanomaterials for drug delivery, prostheses and implanting. This work describes the Bio-Nano-tools that are developed based on iron oxide properties, automated tools used in the tumor detection, satin bowerbird optimization (SBO) technique employed in diagnosis of skin cancer. This work also highlights the post introduction development of nanomaterials like combination of nanotechnology with Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its impact, advancement of nanomaterials based on their operations, shapes and characteristics that leading to the growth of nanostructures with operations control properties. The paper also highlights the improvement of silicon neuromorphic photonic processors and parallel simulators in the development of bio inspired computing. We are hopeful that this review article provides future directions in Bio-Inspired Computing. HIGHLIGHTS In processing of medical images, noise plays a challenging role. So, reduction of noise is important, with the data that is analyzed in our review, it is shown that noise reduction can be achieved using Gradient and Feature Adaptive Contour (GFAC) model, with effective results There are many algorithms that are used for skin cancer detection, as highlighted in our review. Amongst all the methods, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm shows impressive results when compared to other models in terms of feature extraction in dermoscopy images Satin bowerbird optimization (SBO) algorithm helps in improving the CNN efficiency. The optimal justification of the hyper parameter numbers in convolutional neural network (CNN) for skin cancer diagnosis can be achieved using an SBO algorithm