Percutaneous intervention treatment of giant extrarenal aneurysm arteriovenous fistula

Objective: Anteriovenous fistula is a high-flow vascular malformation. Anteriovenous fistula is characterized by a direct connection between an artery and a vein without the presence of a nidus (network of arterial and venous channels). Renal artery aneurysm concomitant with a renal arteriovenous fistula is extremely rare. Case report: We reported the case of a 45-year-old female who has giant renal artery aneurysm combined with high-flow RAVF who presented with gross hematuria. The patient’s embolization of a giant extrarenal aneurism arteriovenous fistula was successfully treated using specialized coils and plug device. Conclusions: Renal arteriovenous fistula is a disease that can lead to serious complications. Treatment of this condition should be initiated promptly after diagnosis. Embolization endovascular is a feasible, efficient and safe method which can maximally retain normal renal function.