Demographic security of an ethnic as a fundamental factor in the preservation of the adygs

The article is devoted to the problem of demographic security of Russia and its subjects. The demographic crisis and depopulation of the population create tangible geopolitical dangers. The study of demographic security is not only to prevent depopulation and preserve the population, but also to preserve the ethnic structure of the population and the gene pool of the nation. Based on earlier forecasts of population reproduction and age structure, the article identifies the period of depopulation in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, identifies deformations in the age structure of children and the expected consequences. The article reveals the emergence of new, unusual for the Russian economy, threats to demographic security for regional economic systems. The necessity of creating a database for monitoring demographic security is justified. In addition to the general indicators of population reproduction, it is advisable to use indicators that reflect the rate of change in population reproduction and the characteristics of the quality of the population. The expediency of returning the Circassian diaspora on a voluntary basis, as one of the ways to prevent depopulation not only in the republic, but also of the entire Adyghe ethnic group, and to preserve the ethnic balance in the southern and North Caucasian federal districts, is justified. This study is essential for assessing demographic security in Russia and its regions and developing a differentiated demographic policy.