COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURES FOR SECONDARY METABOLITES IN SEEDS OF PORTULACA OLERACEA PLANT BY GC.MS TECHNIQUE

Secondary metabolites referred to as phytochemical compounds that have importance in the recovery of many ailments. In order to identify these compounds and get their benefits, they must be identified and isolated from their parent plant; one of them is Portulaca oleracea that is belongs to portulacaceae family. The seeds are extracted by three different sequential extraction methods including petroleum ether, Ethylacetate, and methanol in way based on gradual increasing solvent polarity. The quantification and identification of the compounds were carried out by gas chromatography mass detection apparatus. The result shown that these seeds contain many secondary metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids and phenolic compounds. The GC-MS analysis of the seeds extracts showed the presence of many important compunds such as, trans-geranylgeraniol, tetracosanoic acid, trans-farnesol, digitoxin, vitamin E, estrol and cis-6-octadecenoic acid in high percent in addition to little percent distributed between β-sitosterol, gitoxigenin, (+)-α-tocopherol, camphene, hexadecane, δ-elemene, 3- methoxybenzyl alcohol, ecgonine, (-)-myrtenol, cholecalciferol, 9cis-retinal, limonene-6-ol,pivalate, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, humulene, patulin, 1,12tridecadiene, isopropyl linoleate, pentadecane, elaidic acid, ascorbic acid,permethyl-, dodecanedioic acid, carvedilol, heptadecanoic acid, linolenic acid, kampferol-3,4'-dimethyl ether, and scopoletin, it is important to mention that these compounds can be utilized in the treatment of many diseases as single drug. Key words: Digitoxin, Vitamin E, Portulacaceae, GC.MS, Phytochemical Screening.