THE SUBJECT BETWEEN SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS

The science of grammar is the basis on which the sciences of the Arabic language are based, and in which its fruits are manifested, it is the science that studies the structure and the sentence, and the single word has no value unless it is organized into a sentence or structure, and it has no useful meaning, and no eloquence if words and pictures are not combined in a useful sentence that exists on grammatical rules. The science of grammar studies the grammatical elements within the sentence, whether they are essential or preferred elements, including the subject, which is an essential pillar in the actual sentence, and has settled in the minds, and in grammatical rules that the subject is a raised noun that performs the known act or what takes its place, and by checking and scrutiny in language books it caught my attention. That the subject may not exist in the verb in terms of meaning and significance, and if it is raised, the known verb is attributed to it grammatically, and the noun may be active in the meaning and connotation despite the fact that the known verb or what took its place from a source and others are not ascribed to it grammatically, and this is a lot. This issue in this research is for the purpose of distinguishing between the grammatical subject and the semantic subject, and here lies the importance of the research, and the motive for it, based on what was mentioned in the books of the advanced and later grammarians of the Arabic language, citing the evidence they cited, analyzing them, commenting on them, and adding the Qur’an to them. Arabic poetry is old, and modern, striving as much as possible to clarify the rhetorical aspect of this issue; The research will be a modest contribution to the service of the Arabic language and scientific research, following the descriptive and analytical approaches. Key words: Grammar, Subject, Semantics, Arabic, Language.