Ovarian cysts in Pregnancy: Obstetric Outcome and Management

Objective: To study the pregnancy outcome and managementof ovarian cysts during pregnancy.Methods : A prospective observational study was conductedin Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar from June2018 to June 2020. A total of 32 cases with ovarian cysts 5cmwith benign features as suggested by ultrasound were includedin the study. The pregnancy outcome and management werestudied.Results : Out of 32 pregnant women with ovarian cysts,25(78.12%) were asymptomatic and were managedconservatively. Of the 25, spontaneous resolution was seen in18(56.25%) patients while 7(21.87%) patients in whom ovariancyst persisted or was incidentally detected during cesareansection were managed by cystectomy at the same time. Surgerywas needed in the antenatal period in 7(21.87%) patients dueto complications such as increase in size of the cyst seen in4(12.5%) and torsion seen in 3(9.37%). All the 32 patients hadgood perinatal outcome. There were no miscarriages. Allpatients continued to term except one, who presented at 36weeks with torsion, andunderwent emergency cesareansection with oophorectomy. Histopathological examinationof the excised cysts showed 5 as simple cyst, 5 as serouscystadenomas, 3 as mucinous cystadenomas and 1 as dermoid.Conclusion: Management of the ovarian cysts duringpregnancy is conservative. Most of them undergo spontaneousresolution. Surgical management is reserved for onlysymptomatic patients. Pregnancy outcome as such is notaffected by ovarian cysts during pregnancy.