Levels of C-reactive protein, LDL, IL-1α, and IL-1β as Potential Indicators of Heart Disease

C-reactive protein, interleukin-1α, and interleukin-1β are biomarkers that are important in the early detection of heart disease and atherosclerosis. There are many different types of heart diseases, but coronary artery disease is the most common. Heart disease kills hundreds of thousands of people every year because it is usually detected late and its general complications at the later stages. Often, by the time a patient is diagnosed, the heart disease has progressed to its later stages where treatment is not as effective. One of the current diagnostic tests that are conducted is called an electrocardiogram (EKG), and it is very expensive, reducing cost-effectiveness. In this paper, the relevance of C-reactive protein, interleukin 1α, interleukin 1β, and low-density lipoprotein to the indication of heart diseases and the use of those in early detection is discussed. In addition, there is an in-depth review of the correlations between each of the biomarkers and the severity of atherosclerosis within patients.