Evaluation of Risk Factors and Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Menopause Women

Abnormal uterine bleeding is the most common complication in the premenopausal and post-menopausal women. In reproductive ages of women, menstrual cycle for every month is considered as regular. If it persists more than 5-9 days, it is regarded as something which is incorrect with menstruation. The major risk factors of AUB include age more than 40 years, comorbidities and certain medications. AUB etiology is classified, diagnosed and treated according to FIGO classification. It includes polyps, adenomyosis, leiomyomas, malignancies, coagulopathies, ovulation failure, endometrial failure, iatrogenic and not yet classified. Early diagnosis and management reduce the risk of endometrial cancer. Before the initiation of treatment tissue biopsy is considered as the standard diagnosis which further prevent the complications. Patients with abnormal uterine bleeding experience heavy menstrual bleeding, abdominal cramps, pain and weakness. Management includes both pharmacological and surgical procedures. Women with acute AUB are suggested to take NSAIDS such as mefenamic acid, ibuprofen, antifibrinolytics such as tranexamic acid and oral contraceptive pills. If patient is not responded, surgical procedure is preferred. Hysterectomy is the only procedure which is carried out and is considered as effective in pre- and post-menopausal women than in younger women.