Open AccessFluoride Facilitates Contraction of Duodenal Smooth Muscle in Rat by Inhibiting the Enzymatic Activity of Acetylcholinesterase and Promoting Oxidative Stress
Author(s) -
Mahua Guha Roy,
Sanghamitra Pal,
Kaushik Sarkar,
Mintu Mondal,
Goutam Paul
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
international journal of pharmaceutical sciences review and research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 0976-044X
DOI - 10.47583/ijpsrr.2022.v73i01.013
Subject(s) - duodenum , acetylcholinesterase , endocrinology , chemistry , contraction (grammar) , glutathione peroxidase , glutathione , medicine , oxidative stress , muscle contraction , biochemistry , malondialdehyde , superoxide dismutase , enzyme , biology
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of fluoride on the contraction of visceral smooth muscle of duodenum, the initial segment of small intestine, in rat model. We have observed significant potentiation of the movement of the duodenum ex vivo in a dose and duration dependent manner in sodium fluoride exposed rats compared to control group of rats (7.5 mgNaF/KgBW/Day, 15 mgNaF/KgBW/Day, 30 mgNaF/KgBW/Day for 14 and 28 days durations). This result indicates that fluoride potentiates the duodenal movement probably by promoting the contraction of visceral smooth muscle found in the wall structure of duodenum. Further, a significant inhibition of the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in duodenal smooth muscle homogenate in fluoride exposed groups of rats has been observed. This result suggests that fluoride induced potentiation of the contraction of duodenal smooth muscle might be due to inhibition of the enzymatic activity of AChE. To examine the involvement of smooth muscular oxidative stress in fluoride induced potentiation of smooth muscle contraction of duodenum, the effects of fluoride on oxidative stress variables have been studied. We have observed significant inhibition of the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in smooth muscle homogenate of duodenum in exposed groups of rats. These findings indicate that fluoride might facilitate smooth muscle contraction by inducing oxidative stress. We have also found significant cytoarchitectural changes in stained duodenal wall structure in exposed groups of rats. This result suggests that fluoride may promote structural degeneration of muscle probably by inducing oxidative stress. In conclusion, fluoride potentiates the contraction of duodenal visceral smooth muscle of rat probably by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of AChE and inducing cellular oxidative stress.