نشأة اللغة العربية ولهجاتها

This study aims to determine the origin of Arabic and its dialects. Arabic is considered one of the most sacred languages for Muslims, and they consider learning it a religious obligation. It is the language of belief and the language of civilization, which unites Muslim nations from various countries in the world. This is the language of the Qur’an and the language spoken by the prophet Muhammad. It is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world today. This language belongs to the Hamitic and Semitic languages, and in particular the South Semitic language family. They come from the Southwestern part of the Peninsula, namely the countries of Najd, Hejaz, Yemen and so on. There are several reasons that cause the emergence of dialects in Arabic, those are: geographical and social reasons, language friction and mixing as a result of invasion, migration of proximity, individual reasons, political and natural factors. There are many dialects among Arabs, some dialects are considered more fluent than other dialects, namely the Quraysh, Hijaz, Najd and Asad dialects. Then the Quraysh dialect mastered all the languages of the Arab tribes for various reasons, including:geographical, religious, cultural, economic and political factors.