Open AccessThreats and Aggression Directed at Soccer Referees: An Empirical Phenomenological Psychological Study
Author(s) -
Margareta Friman,
Claes Nyberg,
Torsten Norlander
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the qualitative report
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2160-3715
DOI - 10.46743/2160-3715/2004.1908
Subject(s) - psychology , aggression , interpretative phenomenological analysis , social psychology , empirical research , qualitative research , phenomenology (philosophy) , football , applied psychology , sociology , social science , epistemology , political science , law , philosophy
A descriptive qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews involving seven provincial Soccer Association referees was carried out in order to find out how referees experience threats and aggression directed to soccer referees. The Empirical Phenomenological Psychological method (EPP-method) was used. The analysis resulted in thirty categories which were summarized in six themes. The main themes described the perceived causes of threat, reactions to threat, how the referees manage stressful situations, and their motives to referee.