Open AccessCharacterization of Basalt for Conservation Use from Cultural Heritage Site of Umm El-Jimāl in Jordan
Author(s) -
Wassef Al Sekhaneh,
Tayel El-Hasan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iraqi geological journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2663-8754
pISSN - 2414-6064
DOI - 10.46717/igj.54.1b.2ms-2021-02-20
Subject(s) - basalt , plagioclase , albite , geology , biotite , pyroxene , geochemistry , olivine , calcite , mineralogy , mineral , feldspar , quartz , chemistry , paleontology , organic chemistry
The present study is a multi-analytical approach to the characterization of several basalt stone samples, from Umm el-Jimāl Cultural Heritage site, northern Jordan, which represents ancient trade routes between Arabian Peninsula and Syria. In particular, Micro-X-ray Fluorescence Mapping as new in the mineralogy, X-ray Diffraction Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are used for the determination of the petrological, geochemical, and mineralogical characteristics of the basalt used in this archeological site for conservation purposes. The results reveal that it belongs to the alkaline trachy-basalt to basanite-tephrite type. With predominant quartz, olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase (albite) as major elements, the vesicular texture is occupied with secondary minerals such as biotite, gypsum, and calcite.