Planetary Signification from the Second Century until the Present Day

This paper surveys planetary meanings used by astrologers from the second century to the present day, and considers why those meanings have changed. It examines the rationalisation that astrologers have used to justify those meanings, and whether they have been successful. It argues that the planetary meanings used by astrologers are derived from the requirements of their practice and not from any rationalisation that might be used to justify those meanings.