Effectiveness of Sensor-Based Media to Improve Referee Education

The purpose of this research is to produce a new product in the form of censorship media and video assistant referee (VAR) in assisting referee leadership in a championship to achieve fair play. This research uses the Research and Development (RD) method from Sugiyono using ten steps. The place of research was carried out at the All-Indonesian Volleyball Association, Deli Serdang Regency. The population and sample in this study were 36 Deli Serdang Regency volleyball players with a small sample of 6 people, a large sample of 16, and a comparison sample of 14. For the referee sample, six nationally licensed and nine regional licensed referees. The results of this study include Net and VAR sensors used to develop a player error detection tool when smashing and blocking. The results are obtained from the data from expert validation, including: (1) Material experts 92.3% with the "Very Eligible" category. (2) Media Experts 92.5% with the "Very Eligible" category. In large-scale trials on referees and athletes, the resulting percentages were 90.8% and 92.7%, respectively, while in the comparison trial, the percentage produced was 92.5%.