Open AccessFinnic tetrameter in J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Story of Kullervo in comparison to W.F. Kirby’s English translation of the Kalevala
Author(s) -
Iwona Piechnik
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
studia linguistica universatitatis cracoviensis/studia linguistica universitatis iagellonicae cracoviensis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.142
H-Index - 4
eISSN - 2083-4624
pISSN - 1897-1059
DOI - 10.4467/20834624sl.21.016.14744
Subject(s) - alliteration , linguistics , poetry , repetition (rhetorical device) , literature , epic , old english , art , history , rhyme , philosophy
The Finnish epic Kalevala is written in the so-called Finnic “Kalevala-metre”, typical of Finnic oral poetry. Its main features are the use of trochaic tetrameter (octosyllabic lines), alliteration, assonance, sound parallelisms and the repetition of words. It is difficult to retain those features in translation but one of the early successful attempts was the first full English translation directly from Finnish by William Forsell Kirby (1907). Kirby’s translation was a source of inspiration and the linguistic model for The Story of Kullervo, a tale written by John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (probably in 1912), based on one of the Kalevala’s stories. Our aim is to compare those texts.