Open AccessEffects of medically generated electromagnetic interference from medical devices on cardiac implantable electronic devices: A review
Author(s) -
Walker Barmore,
Himax Patel,
Cassandra Voong,
Caroline Tarallo,
Joe B. Calkins
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
world journal of cardiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1949-8462
DOI - 10.4330/wjc.v14.i8.446
Subject(s) - medicine , emi , electromagnetic interference , nerve stimulator , implantable cardioverter defibrillator , spinal cord stimulator , expert opinion , intensive care medicine , electrical engineering , surgery , cardiology , spinal cord , spinal cord stimulation , psychiatry , engineering
As cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) become more prevalent, it is important to acknowledge potential electromagnetic interference (EMI) from other sources, such as internal and external electronic devices and procedures and its effect on these devices. EMI from other sources can potentially inhibit pacing and trigger shocks in permanent pacemakers (PPM) and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), respectively. This review analyzes potential EMI amongst CIED and left ventricular assist device, deep brain stimulators, spinal cord stimulators, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators, and throughout an array of procedures, such as endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and procedures involving electrocautery. Although there is evidence to support EMI from internal and external devices and during procedures, there is a lack of large multicenter studies, and, as a result, current management guidelines are based primarily on expert opinion and anecdotal experience. We aim to provide a general overview of PPM/ICD function, review documented EMI effect on these devices, and acknowledge current management of CIED interference.