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Shutdown of turbulent convection as a new criterion for the onset of spring phytoplankton blooms
Author(s) -
Taylor John R.,
Ferrari Raffaele
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
limnology and oceanography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.7
H-Index - 197
eISSN - 1939-5590
pISSN - 0024-3590
DOI - 10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2293
Subject(s) - mixed layer , spring bloom , shoaling and schooling , photic zone , phytoplankton , bloom , algal bloom , oceanography , environmental science , spring (device) , turbulence , atmospheric sciences , residence time (fluid dynamics) , geology , meteorology , biology , ecology , physics , geotechnical engineering , nutrient , thermodynamics
The onset of phytoplankton blooms in late winter, early spring has been traditionally associated with the shoaling of the mixed layer above a critical depth. Here we show that the onset of a bloom can also be triggered by a reduction in air–sea fluxes at the end of winter. When net cooling subsides at the end of winter, turbulent mixing becomes weak, thereby increasing the residence time of phytoplankton cells in the euphotic layer and allowing a bloom to develop. The necessary change in the air–sea flux generally precedes mixed‐layer shoaling, and may provide a better indicator for the onset of the spring bloom than the mixed‐layer depth alone. Our hypothesis is supported by numerical simulations and remote sensing data.