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Biochemical composition of particles and dissolved organic matter along an estuarine gradient: Sources and implications for DOM reactivity
Author(s) -
Mannino Antonio,
Harvey H. Rodger
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
limnology and oceanography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.7
H-Index - 197
eISSN - 1939-5590
pISSN - 0024-3590
DOI - 10.4319/lo.2000.45.4.0775
Subject(s) - dissolved organic carbon , estuary , composition (language) , environmental chemistry , reactivity (psychology) , chemistry , organic matter , environmental science , oceanography , geology , organic chemistry , linguistics , philosophy , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology
The chemical composition of high molecular weight dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) was examined along the salinity gradient of the Delaware Estuary. DOM was collected and frac‐tionated by tangential‐flow ultrafiltration into 1–30 kDa (HDOM; high molecular weight) and 30 kDa to 0.2 mm (VHDOM; very high molecular weight) and compared to particles collected in parallel. Polysaccharides comprised 12–43% of particulate organic carbon (POC), 30–56% of VHDOM carbon, and 7.5–19% of HDOM carbon. Hydrolyzable amino acids comprised 17–38% of POC, 5.4–12% of VHDOM carbon, and 1.5–4.2% of HDOM carbon. Only 7–43% of dissolved organic nitrogen in VHDOM and HDOM consisted of amino acids, indicating that organic nitrogen is highly modified within the dissolved pool or an unidentified pool of dissolved organic nitrogen exists. The composition of amino acids and distribution of polysaccharides are consistent with enrichment of structural biopolymers from algae and vascular plants within DOM. Proteinaceous matter released during the growth of an axenic diatom culture contains similar amino acid distributions across size fractions as in Delaware Bay samples. The source of organic matter appears to be as important as microbial processing in determining amino acid content and composition of DOM. Shifts in amino acid composition point to contrasting sources and extent of degradation for organic matter along the estuarine gradient and among size fractions. The lower amino acid and carbohydrate content and higher b‐alanine content in HDOM suggests that this fraction is more highly degraded relative to POM and VHDOM and provides geochemical evidence in support of the size‐reactivity continuum hypothesis. Spatial patterns in reactivity of organic constituents were also evident with more degraded organic matter in the turbid middle estuary and the release of fresh DOM from diatoms in the lower estuary.