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Effects of nutrient loading on the carbon balance of coastal wetland sediments
Author(s) -
Morris James T.,
Bradley Paul M.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
limnology and oceanography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.7
H-Index - 197
eISSN - 1939-5590
pISSN - 0024-3590
DOI - 10.4319/lo.1999.44.3.0699
Subject(s) - sediment , nutrient , salt marsh , environmental science , phosphorus , soil respiration , respiration , organic matter , carbon fibers , soil carbon , wetland , total organic carbon , hydrology (agriculture) , agronomy , environmental chemistry , soil water , ecology , chemistry , soil science , geology , botany , biology , paleontology , materials science , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , composite number , composite material
Results of a 12‐yr study in an oligotrophic South Carolina salt marsh demonstrate that soil respiration increased by 795 g C m −2 yr −1 and that carbon inventories decreased in sediments fertilized with nitrogen and phosphorus. Fertilized plots became net sources of carbon to the atmosphere, and sediment respiration continues in these plots at an accelerated pace. After 12 yr of treatment, soil macroorganic matter in the top 5 cm of sediment was 475 g C m −2 lower in fertilized plots than in controls, which is equivalent to a constant loss rate of 40 g C m −2 yr −1 . It is not known whether soil carbon in fertilized plots has reached a new equilibrium or continues to decline. The increase in soil respiration in the fertilized plots was far greater than the loss of sediment organic matter, which indicates that the increase in soil respiration was largely due to an increase in primary production. Sediment respiration in laboratory incubations also demonstrated positive effects of nutrients. Thus, the results indicate that increased nutrient loading of oligotrophic wetlands can lead to an increased rate of sediment carbon turnover and a net loss of carbon from sediments.