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Diel vertical migration and nocturnal uptake of nutrients by Chattonella antiqua under stable stratification
Author(s) -
Watanabe Masataka,
Kohata Kunio,
Kimura Toshihiko
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
limnology and oceanography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.7
H-Index - 197
eISSN - 1939-5590
pISSN - 0024-3590
DOI - 10.4319/lo.1991.36.3.0593
Subject(s) - diel vertical migration , stratification (seeds) , nocturnal , nutrient , oceanography , biology , ecology , environmental science , geology , botany , seed dormancy , germination , dormancy
The ecological advantage of diel vertical migration for the nutrition and population growth of the flagellate Chattonella antiqua (Raphidophyceae) was examined in a large, axenic culture tank. Vertically stratified salinity, temperature, PO 4 3 , and NO 3 − , analogous to oceanographic conditions observed in the field with a red tide of this species in the Seto Inland Sea, were simulated in the tank. C. antiqua was capable of migrating through very sharp salinity and temperature gradients (max Δ S = 2.8‰, Δ T = 2°C) between surface and deep waters. At night the population migrated to deep, nutrient‐rich water and took up PO 4 3− and NO 3 − . During the day it migrated to the nutrient‐depleted surface water and utilized accumulated nutrients for photosynthesis. Uptake of PO 4 3− and NO 3 − was synchronized, even if only one was limiting in the water column. Under stable stratification of nutrients, diel vertical migration and nocturnal uptake of nutrients in the deep, nutrient‐rich water were essential for C. antiqua to grow at rates comparable with those of coastal diatoms, which have no migratory ability.