Open AccessSynergistic anti-cancer activity of combined 5-fuorouracil and gallic acid-stearylamine conjugate in A431 human squamous carcinoma cell line
Author(s) -
Rukkumani Rajagopalan,
Sanjay Jain,
Piyush Trivedi
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
tropical journal of pharmaceutical research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.209
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 1596-5996
pISSN - 1596-9827
DOI - 10.4314/tjpr.v18i3.4
Subject(s) - hacat , conjugate , chemistry , cytotoxicity , cell culture , a431 cells , gallic acid , epidermoid carcinoma , nuclear chemistry , cancer , cell , biochemistry , biology , in vitro , cell cycle , oncogene , mathematical analysis , mathematics , genetics , antioxidant
Purpose: To evaluate the individual and synergistic anti-cancer effects of 5-fuorouracil (5-FU) and synthesized gallic acid-stearylamine (GA-SA) conjugate in A431 human squamous cancer cell line.
Methods: Characterisation of the synthesised conjugate was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS). The synergistic effect of the combination therapy (5-FU/GA-SA) was assessed by determining their inhibitory concentration (IC30) whereby A431 cells were treated with 5-FU:GA–SA conjugate at various ratios ranging from 5:1 to 1:5.
Results: The cytotoxicity of 5-FU was 29 %, while that of the combination of 5-FU with GA–SA conjugate was as high as 60 %. Thus, this combination showed significant synergistic enhancement in cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). The results obtained also revealed that the IC30 values of 5-FU and the GA–SA conjugate were 1 and 10 µg/mL, respectively. The IC30 values of the combination ratios indicated that the dosages used in the study were safe in HaCaT normal cell line.
Conclusion: These results indicate that 5-FU/GA–SA conjugate at a ratio of 1:1 is effective against A431 cell line (cancer cells)) but safe in HaCaT cell lines (normal cells).