Open AccessInsecticide susceptibility status of human biting mosquitoes in Muheza, Tanzania
Author(s) -
Basiliana Emidi,
William Kisinza,
Robert Kaaya,
Robert Malima,
Franklin W. Mosha
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
tanzania journal of health research/tanzania journal of health research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.201
H-Index - 25
eISSN - 1821-6404
pISSN - 1821-9241
DOI - 10.4314/thrb.v19i3.9
Subject(s) - bendiocarb , anopheles gambiae , permethrin , biology , tanzania , culex quinquefasciatus , malaria , toxicology , mosquito control , anopheles , biting , population , aedes aegypti , veterinary medicine , insecticide resistance , vector (molecular biology) , pesticide , larva , environmental health , ecology , geography , medicine , immunology , recombinant dna , biochemistry , environmental planning , gene
Background: There has been a rapid emergence in insecticide resistance among mosquito population to commonly used public health insecticides. This situation presents a challenge to chemicals that are currently used to control mosquitoes in sub-Saharan African. Furthermore, there is limited information on insecticide susceptibility status of human-biting mosquitoes in some areas of Tanzania. This study aimed to determine insecticide susceptibility status of human biting mosquitoes in a rural area of north-eastern Tanzania.Methods: The study was conducted in two villages in Muheza district, Tanzania. Insecticide susceptibility bioassays were performed according to the World Health Organization standard operating procedures on two to five-day old human biting mosquitoes. The mosquitoes of each species were exposed to four classes of insecticides commonly used for malaria vector control. Mosquito mortality rates (%) were determined after 24 hours post insecticide exposure.Results: Mosquito species tested were Anopheles gambiae s.l., An. funestus, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus species. Real-time PCR have showed that the main sibling species of An. gambiae complex and An. funestus group were An. gambiae s. s. (58.2%) and An. funestus s. s. (91.1%), respectively. All mosquitoes, except Ae. aegypti formosus were susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl (0.25%). An. gambiae s. l. was found to be resistant to permethrin (0.75%) but showed possibility of resistance to DDT (4%) and bendiocarb (0.1%). Our findings have shown that, An. funestus was fully susceptible to all insecticide tested.Conclusion: The present study has revealed different levels of insecticide susceptibility status to four classes of commonly used insecticides in the most common mosquito vectors of human diseases in north-eastern Tanzania. The findings of the present study call for integrated vector control interventions.