Open AccessKinetics of CD4+ T-cell recovery amongst HIV load suppressed patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Author(s) -
Cédric Happi Mbakam,
Julius Nwobegahay,
Cybelle Fodieu Mezajou,
Franklin Agueguia Azebaze,
Léopold Mbous Nguimbus,
Audrey Pamela Ngouambe Ngaleu,
Cédric Romuald Yapfa Djomaha,
Mureille Maffo,
Graeme Brendon Jacobs,
Marie Claire Okomo Assoumou,
Claude Tayou Tagny,
George Mondinde Ikomey
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of biological and chemical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1997-342X
pISSN - 1991-8631
DOI - 10.4314/ijbcs.v15i3.3
Subject(s) - medicine , viral load , antiretroviral therapy , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , cohort , cd4 t cell , t cell , retrospective cohort study , gastroenterology , immunology , immune system
HIV infected patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) are exposed to various immunological disorders. Immune reconstitution is one of the most challenging problem linked to morbidity and mortality in HIV patients. This study aimed at evaluating the kinetics of CD4+ T-cell recovery amongst HIV load suppressed patients on first-line ART in Yaoundé, Cameroon. This was a retrospective cohort study performed at the care and treatment units of the Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital and Essos Hospital Center, with viral suppressed patients initiated on ART between March and July 2015. Data were collected using a standard form and analyzed using R.3.6.2 software. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant for a 95%CI. Of the 499 viral suppressed participants, 32% (n=160) were male and 68% (n=339) female; 33% and 40% had severe and moderate immunodepression at baseline, respectively; 9% and 28% remain respectively on the same immunological state. CD4+ T-cell count increased by 73%, 49% and 29% for patients that started treatment, with CD4+ <150 cells/ml, 150<CD4+<350 cells/ml and 350<CD4+<500 cells/ml, respectively and 14%, 34% and 40% reached a target of 500 cells/ml or more after 4 years of treatment. Elder patients and males were likely to have CD4+ T-cells less than 350 Cells/ml. Approximately 35% of patient started treatment with CD4+ T-cells <350 Cells/ml. CD4+ T-cells increased significantly during 4 years of treatment but, just 29% in average achieved CD4+ ≥ 500 cells/ml. CD4 T-cells recovery represent and important challenge in the immunological monitoring of long-term HIV infected patients on ART.