Open AccessRisk Factors for Anemia in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Author(s) -
Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw,
Tadesse Yirga Akalu,
Yared Asmare Aynalem
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
ethiopian journal of health sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.479
H-Index - 20
eISSN - 2413-7170
pISSN - 1029-1857
DOI - 10.4314/ejhs.v30i5.23
Subject(s) - medicine , kidney disease , anemia , body mass index , odds ratio , funnel plot , meta analysis , publication bias , confidence interval , comorbidity , population , environmental health
Background Anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease presents significant impacts on patients, the health-care system and financial resources. There is a significant variation in the primary studies on risk factors of anemia in this patient population across the globe. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors of anemia among chronic kidney disease patients at the global level. Methods PubMed, Scopus, African Journals Online, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched and complemented by manual searches. A Funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to determine publication bias. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects modes were applied to estimate pooled effect sizes, odds ratios, and 95% confidence interval across studies. Analysis was performed using STATA™ Version 14 software. Result A total of 28 studies with 24,008 study participants were included in this study. Female sex (AOR= 1.36; 95% CI 1.11, 1.67), stage 5 CKD (AOR = 13.66; 95% CI: 5.19, 35.92), body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m 2 (AOR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.91), comorbidities (AOR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.68, 5.0), proteinuria 3 + (AOR = 3.57; 95% CI: 1.03, 12.93), hypocalcemia (AOR=3.61, 95%CI: 1.56–8.36), and iron therapy (AOR: 0.59; 95% CI:0.31, 0.98) were significantly associated with anemia of chronic kidney disease. Conclusion Female sex, stage 5 CKD, body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m 2 , comorbidity, and hypocalcemia were found to be significantly associated with anemia of chronic kidney disease. Therefore, situation-based interventions and country context-specific preventive strategies should be developed to reduce the risk factors of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure.