It is not always Tuberculosis! A case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent child in Uganda | Zendy

Irene Nakatudde | Zendy; Phillip Kasirye | Zendy; Sarah Kiguli | Zendy; Philippa Musoke | Zendy

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It is not always Tuberculosis! A case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent child in Uganda

Author(s) -

Irene Nakatudde,

Phillip Kasirye,

Sarah Kiguli,

Philippa Musoke

Publication year - 2021

Publication title -

african health sciences

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.391

H-Index - 44

eISSN - 1729-0503

pISSN - 1680-6905

DOI - 10.4314/ahs.v21i3.5

Subject(s) - medicine , cryptococcosis , fluconazole , tuberculosis , pneumonia , aids related opportunistic infections , pulmonary tuberculosis , amphotericin b , intensive care medicine , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , pediatrics , immunology , antifungal , dermatology , pathology , sida , viral disease

Pulmonary cryptococcosis is rare in immunocompetent individuals. Limited data exist regarding its occurrence in children, especially in developing countries. This case report describes an 8-year-old HIV-negative child with pulmonary cryptococco- sis, previously diagnosed and treated for tuberculosis twice without improvement. Fine needle aspiration biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis and serum cryptococcal antigen test was positive. The child improved on am- photericin and fluconazole treatment. Despite the limited diagnostic capacity in many resource-constrained settings like Uganda, this case report highlights the need to investigate other causes of pneumonia in immunocompetent children that are not improving on conventional antimicrobial treatments. Keywords: Pulmonary cryptococcosis; immunocompetent; children; Uganda.

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