Frauenfiguren in Heinrich Bölls Werken und ihre Rollen in der Erzählstruktur: zu Frauenfiguren in Heinrich Bölls Romanen Billiard um halb zehn, Ansichten eines Clowns, Gruppenbild mit Dame und Erzählung Die verlorene Ehre der Katharina Blum

The following article presents female characters and their role in four important novels by Heinrich Böll. The central female characters, who are the subject of this research, are Johanna Fähmel from the novel Billard um halb zehn (1959), Marie Derkum (Ansichten eines Clowns, 1963), Leni Pfeiffer, the heroine of the novel Gruppenbild mit Dame (1971) and Katharina Blum from the novel Die verlorene Ehre der Katharina Blum (1974). Heinrich Böll\u27s novels were often studied and analysed. However, in those studies very little attention was devoted to female characters. At first sight, they appear to be of lesser importancehowever, their role in the narrative structure should not be neglected. Although some literature researchers including Dorothee Römhild and Evelyn T. Beck were very critical of them and labelled them as dependent, traditional and completely subordinate to men, this article is trying to prove the opposite. Female characters in Heinrich Böll\u27s novels are very complex, and the society tends to be ambivalent about them. Still, the most important fact is that they affect the narrative structure both directly and indirectly, thus representing an indispensable element in Böll\u27s novels.Članek predstavlja ženske like v štirih pomembnih delih nemškega nobelovca Heinricha Bölla. Osrednji ženski liki, ki so predmet raziskovanja, so Johanna Fähmel iz romana Biljard ob pol desetih (1959), Marija Derkum iz romana Klovnovi pogledi (1963), Leni Pfeiffer, glavna junakinja romana Skupinska slika z gospo (1971) in Katharina Blum iz novele Izgubljena čast Katharine Blum (1974). Delo pisatelja Heinricha Bölla je bilo nemalokrat raziskovano in analizirano, vendar pa so doslej kritiki ženskim likom v njegovih delih posvetili premalo pozornosti. Na prvi pogled tem likom ne pripišemo večjega pomena, vseeno pa ne smemo zanemariti njihove vloge v pripovedni zgradbi. Čeprav so bili s strani literarnih znanstvenic, med drugim tudi Dorothee Römhild in Evelyn T. Beck, večinoma kritizirani in označeni kot nesamostojni, tradicionalni in povsem moškim podrejeni, dokazuje ta članek prav nasprotno. Ženski liki v Böllovih delih so kompleksni in delujejo na okolico ambivalentno. Predvsem pa je pomembno dejstvo, da vplivajo tako posredno kot tudi neposredno na samo pripovedno zgradbo in predstavljajo nepogrešljivi del v Böllovi književnosti