Open AccessImmune regulatory properties of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells: Where do we stand?
Author(s) -
Ênio José Bassi,
Carlos Alberto Mayora Aita,
Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
world journal of stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.907
H-Index - 18
ISSN - 1948-0210
DOI - 10.4252/wjsc.v3.i1.1
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , immune system , stromal cell , microbiology and biotechnology , multipotent stem cell , immunology , biology , immunotherapy , immunosuppression , cell therapy , stem cell , cancer research , progenitor cell
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be isolated and efficiently expanded from almost every single body tissue and have the ability of self-renewal and differentiation into various mesodermal cell lineages. Moreover, these cells are considered immunologically privileged, related to a lack of surface expression of costimulatory molecules required for complete T cell activation. Recently, it has been observed that MSC are capable of suppressing the immune response by inhibiting the maturation of dendritic cells and suppressing the function of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and natural killer cells in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as a new strategy for immunosuppression. The understanding of immune regulation mechanisms by MSC is necessary for their use as immunotherapy in clinical applications for several diseases.