Open AccessMesenchymal stromal cells from human perinatal tissues: From biology to cell therapy
Author(s) -
Karen Bieback,
Irena Brinkmann
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
world journal of stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.907
H-Index - 18
ISSN - 1948-0210
DOI - 10.4252/wjsc.v2.i4.81
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , stem cell , clinical uses of mesenchymal stem cells , progenitor cell , regenerative medicine , biology , transplantation , regeneration (biology) , immunology , context (archaeology) , adult stem cell , cell therapy , stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair , stromal cell , haematopoiesis , population , embryonic stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , medicine , cancer research , genetics , paleontology , environmental health , gene
Cell-based regenerative medicine is of growing interest in biomedical research. The role of stem cells in this context is under intense scrutiny and may help to define principles of organ regeneration and develop innovative therapeutics for organ failure. Utilizing stem and progenitor cells for organ replacement has been conducted for many years when performing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Since the first successful transplantation of umbilical cord blood to treat hematological malignancies, non-hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations have recently been identified within umbilical cord blood and other perinatal and fetal tissues. A cell population entitled mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) emerged as one of the most intensely studied as it subsumes a variety of capacities: MSCs can differentiate into various subtypes of the mesodermal lineage, they secrete a large array of trophic factors suitable of recruiting endogenous repair processes and they are immunomodulatory.Focusing on perinatal tissues to isolate MSCs, we will discuss some of the challenges associated with these cell types concentrating on concepts of isolation and expansion, the comparison with cells derived from other tissue sources, regarding phenotype and differentiation capacity and finally their therapeutic potential.