Open AccessHypermethylation of tumor suppressor and tumor-related genes in neoplastic and non-neoplastic gastric epithelia
Author(s) -
Gen Tamura
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
world journal of gastrointestinal oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.924
H-Index - 26
ISSN - 1948-5204
DOI - 10.4251/wjgo.v1.i1.41
Subject(s) - dna methylation , cpg site , methylation , cancer research , neoplastic transformation , tumor suppressor gene , gene , suppressor , gene silencing , cancer , biology , gene expression , carcinogenesis , genetics
A number of tumor suppressor and tumor-related genes exhibit promoter hypermethylation with resultant gene silencing in human cancers. The frequencies of methylation differ among genes and genomic regions within CpG islands in different tissue types. Hypermethylation initially occurs at the edge of CpG islands and spreads to the transcription start site before ultimately shutting down gene expression. When the degree of methylation was quantitatively evaluated in neoplastic and non-neoplastic gastric epithelia using DNA microarray analysis, high-level methylation around the transcription start site appeared to be a tumor-specific phenomenon, although multiple tumor suppressor genes became increasingly methylated with patient age in non-neoplastic gastric epithelia. Quantitative analysis of DNA methylation is a promising method for both cancer diagnosis and risk assessment.