Open AccessTreatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombosis in the hepatic vein or inferior vena cava: A comprehensive review
Author(s) -
Zun-Yi Zhang,
Erlei Zhang,
Bixiang Zhang,
Xiaoping Chen,
Wei Zhang
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
world journal of gastrointestinal surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1948-9366
DOI - 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i8.796
Subject(s) - medicine , hepatocellular carcinoma , sorafenib , inferior vena cava , portal vein , thrombosis , thrombus , incidence (geometry) , vein , liver cancer , surgery , portal vein thrombosis , carcinoma , radiology , gastroenterology , physics , optics
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer with a high mortality rate worldwide. The percentage of HCC patients with vascular invasion is high. However, tumor thrombus in the hepatic vein (HVTT) has a lower incidence than tumor thrombus in the portal vein (PVTT). Conventionally, HCC patients with HVTT are treated the same as HCC patients with PVTT and offered sorafenib or other systemic agents. However, according to recent studies, it is evident that HCC with HVTT shows different outcomes when classified into different subgroups. In this review, we discuss the recent progress and changes in treatment of HCC with HVTT.