Open AccessFemoral Neck Fractures in Children: A Review
Author(s) -
Thomas Palocaren
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
indian journal of orthopaedics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.434
H-Index - 33
eISSN - 1998-3727
pISSN - 0019-5413
DOI - 10.4103/ortho.ijortho_404_17
Subject(s) - medicine , avascular necrosis , nonunion , coxa vara , surgery , fixation (population genetics) , femoral neck , stress fractures , reduction (mathematics) , femur , femoral head , osteoporosis , population , geometry , environmental health , mathematics , endocrinology
Paediatric femoral neck fractures are uncommon injuries and are usually caused by high-energy trauma. Low-energy trauma can result in pathologic neck fractures and stress fractures of the neck, due to repetitive activity. Surgical options can vary based on age, Delbet classification and displacement of the fracture. Treatment for displaced fractures is by closed or open reduction and smooth/cancellous screw fixation. Compression screw and side plate fixation is indicated for basal fractures. Fixation should be supplemented by spica cast immobilization in younger children. The high rate of complications occurs due to the vascular anatomy of the hip and proximal femur. Avascular necrosis, coxa vara, premature physeal closure, and nonunion are the most common and these often result in poor outcome.