Open AccessVogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) syndrome: A new perspective for healthcare professionals
Author(s) -
Yojana Patil,
Ruchira Garg,
Jagadish Prasad Rajguru,
Manjunath Sirsalmath,
Varsha A Bevinakatti,
Manish Kumar,
Sonika Sharma
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of family medicine and primary care
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2278-7135
pISSN - 2249-4863
DOI - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_787_19
Subject(s) - medicine , vitiligo , dermatology , headaches , hearing loss , disease , genetic predisposition , melanin , pathogenesis , immunology , pathology , audiology , psychiatry , genetics , biology
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH syndrome) is a rare granulomatous inflammatory disease that affects the melanin pigment producing melanocytes and mainly affects the pigmented structures such as eyes, ear, skin, meninges, and hair. VKT is an autoimmune disorder, which is mainly a T CD4+ Th1 lymphocyte-mediated aggression to melanocytes, in individuals with a genetic predisposition, in particular, the presence of HLA-DRB1 * 0405 allele. Melanin usually gives color to skin, hair, and eyes. Melanin is also found in the retina, where it plays a role in normal vision. This disease mainly leads to vision and hearing disturbances, followed by dermal problems. The most common symptoms include vitiligo, headaches, hair loss (alopecia), and hearing loss. This article describes the various signs and symptoms of VKH disease and its pathogenesis.