Primary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Kidney: Report of a Rare Case

Primary neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of kidney is extremely rare, with <100 cases reported so far. The aim of the present case study is to discuss the clinical and pathological findings of renal NET and review of the available literature. We herein report the case of a 42-year-old female patient, who presented with pain abdomen and hematuria. Immunohistochemistry of her nephrectomy specimen was positive for chromogranin A and CD56 and negative for uroplakin II, P40, and CD10. KI index was 60%. Due to rarity of the tumor, there are no established guidelines available for its treatment. She was treated with combination chemotherapy of cisplatin and etoposide.