Open AccessBlood pressure deviation from the golden ratio φ and all-cause mortality: A pythagorean view of the arterial pulse
Author(s) -
Theodore G. Papaioannou,
Manolis Vavuranakis,
Elias Gialafos,
Marianna Karamanou,
Gregory Tsoucalas,
Dimitrios Vrachatis,
Dimitrios Soulis,
Danae Manolesou,
Christodoulos Stefanadis,
Dimitrios Tousoulis
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
international journal of applied and basic medical research/international journal of applied and basic medical research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2248-9606
pISSN - 2229-516X
DOI - 10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_103_18
Subject(s) - golden ratio , pythagorean theorem , golden rule , pulse (music) , blood pressure , pulse pressure , mathematics , medicine , statistics , cardiology , demography , philosophy , theology , physics , geometry , detector , sociology , optics
There is one mathematical element with strong historical and philosophical background that exhibits remarkable properties and applications; the golden ratio (phi). Mathematically, the golden ratio equals approximately 1.61803. A rather provocative geometrical analysis of the arterial pulse according to the golden ratio was recently described, and herein, we aim to set out the hypothesis that individuals with blood pressure (BP) values that follow the golden ratio may have different prognosis than those whose BPs deviate from the divine proportions.