Does brain natriuretic peptide have a significant diagnostic value in subclinical peripheral atrial disease type 2 diabetic patients?

Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM); it is also correlated with increase in the morbidity and mortality in diabetics owing to cardiovascular disease. Ankle–brachial index (ABI) is an established method to detect PAD.Patients and methods This is a cross-sectional study to detect brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level in patient with type-2 DM with PAD using ABI.Results This study revealed 11 patients diagnosed with low ABI. Patients with low ABI showed statistical significance regarding mean age (P=0.038), duration of DM (P=0.004), concentration of glycated hemoglobin (P=0.044), BNP (P=0.013), and microalbuminurea (P=0.007). Moreover, patients with low ABI were significantly associated with nephropathy (P=0.001) and retinopathy (P=0.007). BNP at cutoff value of 360 pg/ml had sensitivity and specificity of 27.27 and 95.9, respectively. The BNP level was negatively correlated with the ABI (r=−0.183, P=0.162). BNP showed statistical significance with fasting blood sugar, postprandial glucose, nephropathy, retinopathy, and albumin/creatinine ratio in urine.Conclusion BNP is a potential and a promising biomarker for PAD screening in patients with type-2 DM