Vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic syndrome: Is the evidence solid?

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin which has an important role in bone metabolism with some anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties. It is very unique since it can be made in the skin from exposure to sunlight. Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities that can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. It develops in an individual with any three of the following risk factors including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and thrombosis. Both dietary and environmental factors, when combined with a sedentary lifestyle, lead to metabolic syndrome (MS) risk factors. The research outcomes propose to increase the current Vitamin D fortification level in foods to reduce the risk factors of the MS. Further researches are needed before clinical practice can recommend a Vitamin D prescription as a treatment for CMS in the general population