Is it Necessary to Perform Nephrostography before Tube Removal after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Background: The aim of this study is the caparison of the complications rate among the patients which underwent nephrostomy removal with and without performing nephrostography. Materials and Methods: Between October 2010 and November 2011, 200 patients who underwent standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) procedures were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups, Group A (n = 100) did not undergo the antegrade nephrostography on postoperative day 2 and the patients were discharged keeping the nephrostomy until postoperative day 3, while in Group B (n = 100) the nephrostomy tube was removed on postoperative day 3 after antegrade nephrostography demonstrating ureteral drainage down to the bladder. Postoperative complications in both groups were recorded and compared between two groups. Results: A total of 200 patients were treated with standard PCNL. The persistent leakage of urine after removal of the nephrostomy tube was encountered in 5 (5.0%) and 3 (3%) of patients in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. Urinary leakage was resolved with conservative management in 3 and 2 patients of Groups 1 and 2, respectively, but a double-J stent was inserted in 2 and 1 patients in each group because of persistent leakage of urine more than 1-week. The two groups show comparable complications such as prolonged urinary leakage which managed in a similar manner, however, postoperative hospital stay was lesser in Group 1. Conclusion: Our results revealed postoperative performing nephrostogramy before tube removal changed the planning of complications such as prolonged urinary leakage and could be omitted in cases