Open AccessA randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of intravenous, subcutaneous, and intranasal fentanyl for pain management in patients undergoing cesarean section
Author(s) -
Mahmoud Jabalameli,
Reihanak Talakoub,
Bita Abedi,
Zahra Ghofrani
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced biomedical research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2277-9175
DOI - 10.4103/2277-9175.190989
Subject(s) - medicine , fentanyl , anesthesia , visual analogue scale , nausea , randomized controlled trial , nasal administration , vomiting , anesthesiology , surgery , immunology
Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of three methods of using intravenous (IV), subcutaneous and intranasal (IN) fentanyl for pain management following general anesthesia in patients undergoing cesarean section.Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, single-blind clinical trial was done on 75 patients aged 20–40 years, American Society of Anesthesiology-1, who had a normal singleton pregnancy beyond 36 weeks of gestational age. Patients were randomized to receive 50 μg fentanyl intravenously (Group 1), subcutaneously (Group 2) or intranasally (Group 3) after closure of incision. The pain intensity, nausea, the systolic, and diastolic blood pressures were assessed.Results: All groups were equivalent for baseline characteristics. The average pain visual analog scale (VAS) score was less in the second group who received fentanyl subcutaneously at the time of recovery admission (6.8 ± 1.5) (P = 0.037) and after 3 h (6.36 ± 1.5) (P = 0.033) postoperatively. The mean VAS score of nausea and the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were not significantly different between three groups throughout the study (P > 0.05).Conclusion: subcutaneous fentanyl is an effective alternative to IV and IN route of administration for pain management