Open AccessAcute-phase reactants
Author(s) -
Harpreet Singh Grover,
Rohit Saini,
Pearl Bhardwaj,
Amit Bhardwaj
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of oral research and review
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2394-2541
pISSN - 2249-4987
DOI - 10.4103/2249-4987.182491
Subject(s) - proinflammatory cytokine , acute phase protein , inflammation , periodontitis , secretion , immunology , medicine , homeostasis , cytokine , macrophage , systemic inflammation , interleukin 6 , biology , biochemistry , in vitro
The acute-phase response (APR) is a prominent systemic reaction of the organism to local or systemic disturbances in its homeostasis caused by infection, tissue injury, trauma or surgery, or immunological disorders. The tissue macrophage is most commonly regarded as initiating the APR through direct stimulation and secretion of various cell communicating factors. Proinflammatory cytokines and mediators are significantly elevated with gingival inflammation and during the destructive phase of periodontitis. Cytokines appear to play a major role in the clinical symptoms and tissue destruction associated with progressing periodontitis. Many of these cytokines are derived from activated macrophages and can act both locally and distally to amplify cytokine production from other cell types. The host responses to periodontal disease and cardiovascular diseases were reflected by an increase in the acute-phase proteins (serum amyloid A and C-reactive protein)