Open AccessChoosing a Gliptin
Author(s) -
Vishal Gupta,
Sanjay Kalra
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.456
H-Index - 28
eISSN - 2230-9500
pISSN - 2230-8210
DOI - 10.4103/2230-8210.85583
Subject(s) - saxagliptin , alogliptin , linagliptin , sitagliptin , medicine , vildagliptin , incretin , metformin , hypoglycemia , pharmacology , pharmacodynamics , type 2 diabetes , exenatide , type 2 diabetes mellitus , dipeptidyl peptidase 4 , diabetes mellitus , pharmacokinetics , endocrinology
The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has included the use of metformin and sulfonylurea (SU) as first-line anti-diabetic therapies world over since years. This remains, despite the knowledge that the combination results in a progressive decline in [beta]-cell function and by 3 years up to 50% of diabetic patients can require an additional pharmacological agent to maintain the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7.0% (UKPDS). Gliptins represent a novel class of agents that improve beta cell health and suppress glucagon, resulting in improved post-prandial and fasting hyperglycemia. They function by augmenting the incretin system (GLP-1 and GIP) preventing their metabolism by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Not only are they efficacious but also safe (weight neutral) and do not cause significant hypoglycemia, making it a unique class of drugs. This review focuses on gliptins (sitagliptin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, and alogliptin) discussing pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety.