Open AccessHuman immunodeficiency virus endocrinopathy
Author(s) -
Uma Sinha,
Nilanjan Sengupta,
P. K. Mukhopadhyay,
Keshab Sinha Roy
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.456
H-Index - 28
eISSN - 2230-9500
pISSN - 2230-8210
DOI - 10.4103/2230-8210.85574
Subject(s) - medicine , lipodystrophy , endocrine system , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , adrenal insufficiency , wasting , adverse effect , diabetes mellitus , hormone , intensive care medicine , pediatrics , antiretroviral therapy , immunology , endocrinology , viral load
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) endocrinopathy encompasses a broad spectrum of disorders. Almost all the endocrine organs are virtually affected by HIV infection. HIV can directly alter glandular function. More commonly secondary endocrine dysfunction occurs due to opportunistic infections and neoplasms in immunocompromised state. The complex interaction between HIV infection and endocrine system may be manifested as subtle biochemical and hormonal perturbation to overt glandular failure. Antiretroviral therapy as well as other essential medications often result in adverse endocrinal consequences. Apart from adrenal insufficiency, hypogonadism, diabetes and bone loss, AIDS wasting syndrome and HIV lipodystrophy need special reference. Endocrinal evaluation should proceed as in other patients with suspected endocrine dysfunction. Available treatment options have been shown to improve quality of life and long-term mortality in AIDS patients.